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96 Global Health NOW: Public Health on the Ballot; Your October Recap; and Editing an Ethics Pact November 4, 2024 Voters wait in line to cast their ballots during early voting in Gwinnett County, Georgia, on November 1. Nathan Posner/Anadolu via Getty Public Health on the Ballot
In the final sprint of the U.S. election, threats to public health programs have been amplified as Donald Trump bashes health agencies and embraces vaccine skeptic Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., .

Dismantled and diminished agencies: Project 2025, the blueprint for a new Republican administration, includes 鈥渕omentous鈥� changes to the FDA, CDC, and NIH鈥攐rganizations that Trump describes at rallies as filled with 鈥渃orruption.鈥�

• Employees at health agencies could also see their jobs at risk if Trump were to reinstate a previous executive order that made thousands of federal workers more vulnerable to termination.

Global disconnection: Health officials also fear that another Trump presidency would further erode the country鈥檚 international role in health by breaking ties with the WHO and pulling the plug on programs like PEPFAR. 

Meanwhile, Kennedy鈥檚 role in Trump鈥檚 campaign is already worrying health leaders, who say he is normalizing a dangerous anti-vax position and could do more damage to essential immunization requirements were he given a role in a Trump administration, .

• 鈥淚鈥檓 going to let him go wild on health,鈥� Trump said of Kennedy at his Madison Square Garden rally. 鈥淚鈥檓 going to let him go wild on the food. I鈥檓 going to let him go wild on 污污草莓视频.鈥�

Related: 

Election 2024: What鈥檚 at Stake for Public Health? 鈥�

Ted Kennedy Jr. expresses concern about Trump鈥檚 鈥榝lagrant disregard鈥� for public health 鈥�

What Trump winning the election could mean for the CDC 鈥� GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners   Polio vaccinations in Gaza resumed over the weekend, with 58,600 children in northern Gaza receiving their final dose as health workers attempt to vaccinate thousands more before the campaign鈥檚 end today鈥攂ut some ~15,000 children needing a second dose live in areas that are now inaccessible because of fighting.

~25% of child deaths that occur after visits to U.S. emergency rooms could be prevented if the departments were more fully prepared to treat children鈥攁nd 80%+ of ERs are not prepared for pediatric cases, a published in JAMA Network Open has found.

Fewer than 1 in 6 health care workers in hospitals and nursing homes reported getting COVID-19 boosters during the 2023鈥�2024 respiratory virus season, has found.

Authorities in Lahore, Pakistan, closed schools and issued work-from-home orders in response to 鈥渦nprecedented鈥� air pollution; per IQAir, Lahore鈥檚 level of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is currently 44.4X the WHO annual air-quality guideline value. OCTOBER MUST-READS Shifting Alliances in the Tobacco Fight 
The FDA faces a particularly galling challenge as it seeks to regulate next-generation nicotine products: lawyers who switched sides in the fight. Nearly two dozen former FDA lawyers now work for the tobacco industry. These insiders, who previously helped craft regulations, give tobacco companies a strategic advantage in litigation.
Russian Propaganda Targets Anti-Malaria Programs
Pro-Russian propagandists are seeking to undermine Western-funded health care programs in Africa, spreading disinformation about scientists fighting malaria and other infectious diseases on the continent. Using a variety of tactics involving influencers and more traditional media, Russia has sponsored 80 disinformation campaigns in 22 African countries since 2022, per the Africa Center for Strategic Studies.
Political Violence as a Public Health Problem 
As political rhetoric grows more inflammatory before the U.S. presidential election, what kinds of violence prevention strategies could be most effective? UC Davis鈥� Violence Prevention Research Program is taking a closer look at the potential for political violence interventions. While their survey found 3.7% of respondents view large-scale civil conflict as likely, 44% said they could be dissuaded from joining by family members.
The Feds鈥� Silence as Vets Sounded Avian Flu Alarm
When U.S. farm veterinarians initially raised alarms about avian influenza in cows, they were met with silence from the USDA. Critics say the agency鈥檚 conflicting mandates regarding food safety and agricultural trade have led to a 鈥渄on鈥檛 test, don鈥檛 tell鈥� policy among dairy farmers, resulting in patchy nationwide surveillance as the virus spreads. OCTOBER鈥橲 BEST NEWS A Malaria-Free Egypt 
Malaria was detected in Egypt as early as 4000 BCE, and ~100 years ago, it had a 40% prevalence rate in the country. But in October, the WHO the country malaria-free, following decades of effort. Key interventions included free malaria diagnosis and treatment for all residents, malaria detection training, and ongoing surveillance and vector management. 

鈥淢alaria is as old as Egyptian civilization itself, but the disease that plagued pharaohs now belongs to its history,鈥� said WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.

GHN EXCLUSIVE OPPORTUNITY Workers collect freshly picked marigold flowers for sale on August 13, 2024 in Qujing, Yunnan Province of China. Wang Yong/VCG via Getty Stories That Matter    Do you have an amazing global health story to share? This is your chance to tell the world! The Untold Global Health Stories of 2025 Contest, sponsored by GHN along with our friends at the , is ready for your entries.

• Nominate an issue you feel deserves urgent attention, whether you鈥檝e worked on it firsthand or come across it in your travels.


• The best nominations are unique and specific (e.g., not chronic disease in the developing world).

Looking for inspiration? Check out some of our stories from past winners, including:

• by Esther Nakkazi鈥攁n honorable mention winner just published last week.


• by Joanne Silberner. 


• by Amy Maxmen. 

Nominations Deadline: November 15, 2024, at 11:59 p.m. EST GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES BIOETHICS Editing an Ethics Pact
The Declaration of Helsinki鈥攁 foundational set of ethical guidelines for medical research adopted in 1964鈥攈as been significantly revised.

Key updates, which were , include:

• A shift in language, describing people involved in research as "human participants" instead of 鈥渟ubjects.鈥� 


• A demand for healthy volunteers to be protected鈥攏ot just patients. 


• A call for compliance not just from physicians, but all medical science researchers.

Increasing inclusivity: While prior guidelines sought to protect vulnerable people鈥攑regnant women or racial minorities, for example鈥攆rom being subjected to research, such exceptions have widened disparities in research. Now, researchers are advised to balance potential study harms with harms of exclusion.

QUICK HITS After Spain鈥檚 Floods, a Surge of Volunteers, and of Rage 鈥�

An Idaho health department isn鈥檛 allowed to give COVID-19 vaccines anymore. Experts say it鈥檚 a first 鈥�

Will SA鈥檚 new vaping laws lead to more smokers instead of fewer? 鈥�

Texas Banned Abortion in 2022鈥擧ere鈥檚 How It鈥檚 Affecting OB-GYNs and Patient Care 鈥�

Bridging the women's health gap, an economic imperative for Africa 鈥�

High prevalence of shigellosis found in Africa 鈥�

School-leaver at 11, domestic slave at 12, gang member at 15: how a missing birth certificate derailed a life 鈥�

Diabetes risk soars for adults who had a sweet tooth as kids 鈥�

Throw Out Your Black Plastic Spatula 鈥� Issue No. 2808
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, Aliza Rosen, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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  Copyright 2024 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All Rights Reserved. Views and opinions expressed in Global Health NOW do not necessarily reflect those of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health or Johns Hopkins University.


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The UN-supported polio vaccine campaign concluded in besieged northern Gaza on Monday, with agencies inoculating 94,000 children, but thousands still remain out of reach.

The long-awaited final phase of a UN-supported polio vaccine campaign began on Saturday in bombarded, besieged northern Gaza even as reports emerged that one vaccination centre had been hit during a humanitarian pause, according to UN agencies on the ground.

Caring Conversations is an online forum for care partners of people living with dementia to learn from experts, share concerns and ask questions.

96 污污草莓视频 Perspectives on Global Health - October Issue October 31, 2024  
NEWSLETTER Welcome to Our November Newsletter!

In honor of Breast Cancer Awareness Month, this edition focuses on critical issues surrounding breast cancer, aiming to raise awareness and foster dialogue.

Highlights of this Issue:

• Interview with Dr. Blackstock, 污污草莓视频鈥檚 16th Global Health Night keynote speaker
• Organizations Working on Breast Cancer
• Upcoming conferences in global health
• Academic Research on Breast Cancer
• A call on maternal health blogs and other health areas

Thank you for being part of our community. Enjoy the read!

-->  Selected Articles from this Month  In this exclusive interview with 污污草莓视频鈥檚 16th Global Health Night keynote speaker, primary care and HIV physician and founder of  Dr. Oni Blackstock recounts what led her to pursue health equity and how students can help drive systemic change - "Students should prioritize listening to and learning from the communities they serve. Engaging in meaningful conversations helps students understand both the strengths and challenges of the community." --> Lilly Groszman, a fourth-year medical student at 污污草莓视频 University, reflects on her experience implementing an electronic trauma registry in Senegal - "This trip illuminated the challenges and unpredictability of global health research, particularly in adapting technological solutions to low-resource environments." --> Meet the 2024 cohort of 污污草莓视频 Global Health Programs鈥� Global Health Scholars 鈥� Graduate program! These talented graduate students are addressing critical health challenges across diverse regions, from  Zika virus misclassification in Brazil to gender disparities in pediatric surgical care in Africa. -->  Mission in Motion
  Get ready to be inspired! In this dynamic section, we spotlight global health organizations that are making waves and driving real change around the world. Each month, we showcase their innovative strategies and impactful initiatives as they tackle pressing health challenges and champion equity.  -->

We shine a spotlight on organizations making a real impact in the fight against breast cancer. Let鈥檚 celebrate their dedication and commitment as we highlight their vital contributions to research, advocacy, and awareness during Breast Cancer Awareness Month!

Image: https://www.bcrf.org/ The Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF) is a leader in breast cancer research support in the United States and around the world. With the mission to "prevent and cure breast cancer by advancing the world鈥檚 most promising research," BCRF has raised more than one billion dollars since its 1993 founding. BCRF is also committed to health equity and to alleviating the unequal distribution of breast cancer burden.  --> Image: https://pinkdrive.org/about-us/  PinkDrive's mission is to be "the leading non-governmental organisation dedicated to creating and promoting awareness about cancer in South Africa, and potentially beyond." The organisation focuses on screening and early detection of breast cancer, with flagship programmes providing clinical breast exams and mammograms.  -->  In the News
  Stay up to date with news and opinions on Global Health Image: https://www.dreamstime.com/illustration/world-health-organisation.html "In October 2024, WHO and partners, in collaboration with Member States, activated the  for the first time to provide support to countries facing mpox outbreaks... The first activation of this new support mechanism follows the declaration of mpox as a public health emergency of international concern by WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on 14 August 2024." See for more! --> Image: https://www.aidshealth.org/ By Lara Adejoro: "The AIDS Healthcare Foundation has urged African leaders to shape Africa鈥檚 future in global health security by demanding an equitable agreement that works for all nations, particularly those in the Global South." See for more!  -->  New in Global Health Academic Literature
 
By: Sok King Ong, et al. This study shows a significant variability in the current capacity and infrastructure for breast cancer monitoring among the 21 Asian National Cancer Centers, indicating a pressing need for standardized frameworks and enhanced resources to effectively implement the Global Breast Cancer Initiative's key performance indicators across diverse healthcare settings. -->
By: Rui Sha, et al. Research from the Global Burden of Disease Study reveals significant increases in breast cancer incidence worldwide, with notable trends in different socioeconomic regions. The study highlights an upward trajectory in cases, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, and discusses the varying incidence rates across different demographics   --> Opportunities in Global Health
  Join Us for 污污草莓视频鈥檚 Global Health Night!

Join us for an engaging evening in global health! Kick off at the Student Poster Fair, showcasing innovative projects from 污污草莓视频 students, including the Global Health Program student award winners. Then, be inspired by Dr. Oni Blackstock, Founder and Executive Director of Health Justice, as she delivers her keynote lecture, Uprooting Health Inequities: Advancing Inclusive and Participatory Approaches to Clinical Research and Public Health. Don鈥檛 miss out!

• When: November 21, 2024
• Where: New Residence Hall Ballroom, 3625 Park Ave, Montreal, QC, H2X 3P8
  • Can't make it in person? You can join online
• Register here

-->  Share you Insights on Global Health
  We are excited to announce a Call for Papers! For November, our primary theme is Maternal Health. We also invite submissions on:

• Indigenous Health
• Mental Health
• Refugee Health
• Immigrant Health
• Climate Change 

污污草莓视频 Global Health Perspectives welcomes contributions relevant to global health. Contributions to Global Health Perspectives should pertain to its mission and can include perspectives from your latest research, research experience, key issues in health policy governance, equity related challenges and strengths in global health to name a few. We want to represent a wide range of voices representing global health research, commentaries and opinions on current global health challenges and ideas on future direction of global health. Click  for submission guidelines.

You can submit your article, photo essay or article pitch to us by emailing us at: globalhealthblog@mcgill.ca. --> Subscribe to our weekly newsletter to stay up-to-date on the latest information and experiences in global health! Follow us on social media  --> Copyright 漏 2017 污污草莓视频 Global Health Programs, All rights reserved.

Our mailing address is:
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污污草莓视频 Perspectives in Global Health Blog · McIntyre Medical Building, Room 633 · 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler · Montreal, Qc H3G 1Y6 · Canada

96 Global Health NOW: Using D铆a de los Muertos to Sell Cigarettes; Mpox Response Ramped Up; and Happy Heidi-Ween! Big Tobacco's profit-seeking cultural appropriation. October 31, 2024 GHN EXCLUSIVE Q&A View of cigarette butts on an ashtray with an image of a sugar skull, in Mexico City. Gerardo Vieyra/NurPhoto via Getty Using D铆a de los Muertos to Sell Cigarettes
During the Day of the Dead, the streets of Mexico are full of cultural symbols: altars adorned with family photographs and keepsakes, people donning skeleton-themed face paint, and bunches of marigolds. 

• But the objects displayed also include a more sinister item:  

Even as regulations and bans work to limit tobacco use, the presence of 鈥渢hemed鈥� packs demonstrates how far the industry will go to keep its consumers hooked鈥攅ven using symbols that resonate with their cultural identity, Graziele Grilo, a program officer for the Institute for Global Tobacco Control at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, told GHN.

Appropriation normalizes tobacco use: The IGTC鈥檚 data collection revealed cigarette packs in Mexico that used the national flag鈥檚 colors, traditional animals, and D铆a de los Muertos symbols. Collectible, metallic packs were sold as limited editions to increase desirability鈥攁nd according to , it worked.

Legislation is working to thwart these tactics: 

• Most countries already have graphic health warning labels on packs.


• 20+ countries have banned point-of-sale display of tobacco products.


• 24+ countries require plain and standardized packaging鈥攍imiting or banning the use of shapes, colors, symbols, and descriptors.

Related: Tobacco Companies May Have Found a Way to Make Vapes More Addictive 鈥� GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners   South Sudan has declared a cholera outbreak and launched a task force in response to 50 suspected cholera cases reported following massive flooding that has displaced 46,000+ people in the Upper Nile state.
 
The discovery of bird flu in a pig on an Oregon farm on October 29 marks the first case of H5N1 virus in U.S. swine; the case raises concerns that the virus is closer to becoming a greater threat to humans.
 
Japan is masking up as the country confronts its most serious outbreak of 鈥渨alking pneumonia鈥� in more than two decades; ~6,000 cases of mycoplasma pneumonia have been reported this year鈥攁 10X jump over 2023.
 
Researchers have uncovered a key mechanism used by the parasite that causes African sleeping sickness to evade antibodies, ; Trypanosoma brucei 鈥渃onstantly changes a surface coat made up of millions of copies of a single protein.鈥�  (Ed. Note: At GHN's publication time, the  site was down.) MPOX Ramping Up the Response
The WHO has deployed its newly created for the first time: Its mission is to assist in the mpox outbreak response in Africa, .

• 50+ experts are now targeting eight affected countries, with a focus on the DRC and Burundi.  

Background: The GHEC, formed in 2023 to address gaps revealed during the COVID-19 response, supports countries experiencing public health emergencies by:

• Assessing emergency workforce in affected countries.


• Deploying a 鈥渟urge鈥� of various experts, tailored to the countries鈥� needs. 


• Facilitating networking between leadership to coordinate and share best practices.

Mpox deep dive: A WHO analysis of global mpox surveillance from 1958鈥�2024 that reviewed 6,585 mpox sequences collected from 64 countries found:

• 鈥淗ighly mobile鈥� clade 1 viruses circulating in Central Africa, and unique clade 1 sequences in Eastern Africa, . 


• Ongoing human-to-human transmission of clade 2b in the Eastern Mediterranean.

鈥淚f we want to prevent the next mpox global outbreak, it is now time to strengthen mpox surveillance,鈥� the researchers wrote. 

Meanwhile: Isolated cases outside of Africa continue to be reported, with the latest ones confirmed in and in   GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES DISASTERS How Floodwaters Hollowed Out a 鈥楩ragile鈥� Health System
Hurricane Helene's devastating impact continues to reverberate across the U.S. Southeast鈥攑articularly in Western North Carolina鈥檚 health care system, where floodwaters destroyed critical infrastructure in a region already facing barriers to care.

• 鈥淭he health care infrastructure in western North Carolina is already so fragile,鈥� said Kody H. Kinsley, the North Carolina secretary of Health and Human Services.

Ongoing impacts:

• Much of the region is relying on bottled water and mobile water units because municipal water remains undrinkable. 


• The region鈥檚 largest hospital is pumping in more than 200,000 gallons of water from tankers into the hospital each day; several other hospitals in the region remain closed.


• Health officials are warning of heightened risks stemming from contaminated water, toxic mud, debris-related injuries. 

ALMOST FRIDAY DIVERSION Happy Heidi-Ween!  
Ah, Halloween鈥攖he day every year when ordinary people buy pounds of candy, debate candy corn, wear the best costume they can muster鈥攁nd then hang their heads in shame when they see what Heidi Klum is wearing.
 
The supermodel鈥檚 have seen her transformed into Hindu goddess Kali; Jessica Rabbit; and an elderly woman. In 2022, she just wanted 鈥渟omething random,鈥� she 鈥攕o she embodied a giant worm made of elaborate prosthetics dubbed 鈥溾�� by her hair and makeup team.

• Nevertheless, come Halloween, she was inching her way down the Halloween red carpet, fully horizontal. 

Every year, it becomes clearer that Heidi loves Halloween the most鈥攂ut equally important: Who hates it the most?

• It could be this , a self-described 鈥淗alloween Grinch鈥� who can鈥檛 recall ever enjoying a Halloween party. Guess she wasn鈥檛 invited to Heidi鈥檚 鈥�

Related:

Tim Gunn Judges a Literary Costume Contest 鈥� See Exclusive Photos from the New York Public Library's Halloween Parade 鈥�  

This DIY Halloween costume turns you into the world's scariest animal 鈥嬧�嬧��

This Is The Best Dog Halloween Costume We've Ever Seen 鈥� QUICK HITS Shortage of IV fluids leads to canceled surgeries 鈥�

Ukraine: Population drops by 10 million since Russia invaded in 2014, UNFPA reports 鈥�

Overdose deaths are rising among Black and Indigenous Americans 鈥�

Sudan: from a forgotten war to an abandoned healthcare system 鈥�

New gene discovery aids HIV vaccine progress 鈥�

Noninvasive malaria test could be global game changer 鈥�

Harvard School of Public Health Study Finds That Deforestation May Increase Malaria Transmission 鈥�

New toolkit aims to help U.S. hospitals spot deadly viral hemorrhagic fevers faster and safer 鈥�  

Exosomes are touted as a trendy cure-all. We don鈥檛 know if they work 鈥� Issue No. 2807
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, Aliza Rosen, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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  Copyright 2024 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All Rights Reserved. Views and opinions expressed in Global Health NOW do not necessarily reflect those of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health or Johns Hopkins University.


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96 Global Health NOW: Tuberculosis Resurgent; Russia Revives Bioweapons Site; and Ghost Harvest October 30, 2024 Volunteers provide a free tuberculosis clinic in China's Guizhou province. March 23, 2023. CFOTO/Future Publishing via Getty Tuberculosis Resurgent
8.2 million people were diagnosed with tuberculosis in 2023, the 鈥攖he highest number recorded since the agency began tracking efforts.

The 鈥渘otable increase鈥� from 7.5 million reported in 2022 means TB is once again the top infectious disease killer, surpassing COVID-19. The total number ill with TB is now ~10.8 million, .

• 鈥淭he fact that TB still kills and sickens so many people is an outrage, when we have the tools to prevent it, detect it and treat it,鈥� said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. 

Missing targets: Global funding for TB care and research remains 鈥渇ar below鈥� needs, and global milestones for reducing the TB disease burden are well off-track, .

Key factors: New TB cases are largely driven by undernutrition, HIV infection, diabetes, alcohol use disorders, and smoking, and half of TB-affected households face 鈥渃atastrophic costs.鈥�

Highest burden: China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, and the Philippines together accounted for 56% of the global TB burden. 

Positive development: Overall TB deaths dropped from 1.32 million in 2022 to 1.25 million, suggesting that treatment services have largely recovered from COVID-era disruptions, . 

Meanwhile: Advocacy groups like M茅decins Sans Fronti猫res have Cepheid, the company that produces TB tests, to lower its costs, . GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners   Militants in Pakistan attacked a health center yesterday, killing two police officers prepping to escort polio workers on a door-to-door campaign; militants also stormed a different health center and warned workers against participating in anti-polio efforts.

Climate change has driven up the number of deaths from extreme heat and has worsened drought and food insecurity, per the .

Dengue fever in Florida is on the rise, with stagnant floodwaters left behind by hurricanes Helene and Milton increasing risks; 50 cases have been logged in the state this year.

Nitazenes have been linked to 278 deaths in the U.K. this year, as many people who sought to buy prescriptions for diazepam received fake 污污草莓视频 with the dangerous synthetic opioids instead. HEALTH SECURITY Russia Revives Bioweapons Site 
New construction at a military research site near Moscow shows signs of being a specialized laboratory complex designed to handle extremely dangerous pathogens, say U.S. intelligence officials.

The past: The site, Sergiev Posad-6, was a major biological weapons research center that conducted experiments during the Cold War on the viruses that cause smallpox, Ebola, and hemorrhagic fevers. 

The present: Shortly after Russia invaded Ukraine, satellite imagery revealed expansions of the facility, including new biological labs, which have continued.

• Russian officials have said the labs will be used to strengthen the country鈥檚 defenses against pandemics and bioterrorism鈥攖he same justification the Soviet Union used to expand its bioweapons program in the 1970s and 1980s.

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES NUTRITION Ghost Harvest
Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels are making many foods鈥攊ncluding global staples like rice and wheat鈥攍ess nutritious, reducing protein, vitamins, and critical micronutrients like zinc and iron.

• A found that when carbon levels rise, protein levels drop by ~10%, iron by 16%, zinc by ~9%, and magnesium by ~9%.

Over 2 billion people worldwide already face micronutrient deficiencies that can severely impact health. Field studies simulating projected 2050 CO2 levels found that:

• 175 million additional people could become zinc deficient.


• 122 million additional people could become protein deficient.

Beyond reducing CO2 emissions: Solutions include fortifying staple foods with essential nutrients and planting varieties less susceptible to increased CO2.



Related: The climate crisis is a nutrition crisis 鈥� but solutions exist 鈥� OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS CDC offers new details on Lassa fever case in Iowa 鈥�

Workplace violence at hospitals continues to surge 鈥�

Japan's Shionogi says Phase 3 study showed COVID pill reduces transmission 鈥�

Zika is still spreading. Why don鈥檛 we have a vaccine yet? 鈥�

Health groups call for suspending state plan on maternal deaths, saying it burdens patients 鈥�

A Texas Woman Died After the Hospital Said It Would be a 鈥淐rime鈥� to Intervene in Her Miscarriage 鈥�

The Consequences of US Elections for Women鈥檚 Health Globally 鈥�

Universal health care may drive the vote in Puerto Rico 鈥�

How to prepare for the end of daylight saving time and potential health effects 鈥� Issue No. 2806
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, Aliza Rosen, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

Please send the Global Health NOW free sign-up link to friends and colleagues:

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  Copyright 2024 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All Rights Reserved. Views and opinions expressed in Global Health NOW do not necessarily reflect those of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health or Johns Hopkins University.


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96 Global Health NOW: The Lives Needlessly Lost to Extreme Heat; Plan B Missing From Many Tribal Clinics; and What Hinders Human Bird Flu Surveillance? October 29, 2024 A woman cools off in a fountain as a heat wave hits London, on July 19, 2022. Rasid Necati Aslim/Anadolu Agency via Getty The Lives Needlessly Lost to Extreme Heat
Human-induced climate change drove more than half of Europe鈥檚 68,000 heat deaths in 2022鈥攖he continent鈥檚 hottest summer on record, , citing a .

• 38,000 fewer people鈥�10X the number of people murdered on the continent鈥攚ould have died without anthropogenic warming.


• The heat killed more women than men, more southern Europeans than northern Europeans, and more older people than younger people.


• The study comes on the heels of that the world is on track to heat by a catastrophic 3掳C by the end of the century.

Meanwhile, proposed federal rules to protect workers from extreme heat might have saved the lives of U.S. laborers, .

• OSHA, the U.S. worker protection agency, says the government鈥檚 estimate that extreme heat kills ~480 workers a year is a vast undercount; Public Citizen puts the toll closer to 2,000.

OSHA has fined employers over heat-related employee deaths, but without national regulations on prevention, its reach is limited鈥攁nd the agency depends on employees to report unsafe conditions.

• Many workers鈥攅specially farmworkers with H-2A visas are afraid to report unsafe conditions, fearing employer retaliation.

President Biden鈥檚 proposed rules would require employers to provide ample water and breaks and ensure new workers have time to acclimate to high-heat jobs鈥攂ut several industry groups and conservative lawmakers have opposed the rules, which are unlikely to be finalized before Biden leaves office. GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners   Lebanon hospitals are stretched thin trying to treat patients with severe burns as a result of continuing Israeli airstrikes; the country鈥檚 only burn unit doubled its beds, but can鈥檛 keep up with the critical burn cases.
 
An Iowa resident who recently traveled to West Africa has died after contracting Lassa fever, the state鈥檚 health department announced yesterday; the CDC, which is working to confirm the diagnosis, said the risk to the general public is extremely low.

Transplant experts say they鈥檙e seeing more people revoking their organ donor registrations after a report that organs were nearly harvested from a Kentucky man mistakenly declared dead.

In a future pandemic, Australians are less likely to accept lockdowns and other measures that helped keep the country鈥檚 rate of excess deaths among the world鈥檚 lowest, per a new report on the country's COVID-19 response. REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RIGHTS Plan B Missing From Many Tribal Clinics
In 100+ federally funded clinics and pharmacies run by Native American tribal nations, the Plan B emergency contraceptive pill remains inaccessible鈥攄espite being available over-the-counter at most American pharmacies for more than a decade.

An investigation by APM Reports, Type Investigations, and KOSU found:

• 54 tribal clinics in 11 states do not provide emergency contraception.


• Another 51 clinics impose limits like age restrictions.

Reasons unclear: While most tribal officials interviewed declined to explain the gaps, those who did cited a lack of demand and staff鈥檚 personal feelings around the issue. 

An outlier: The Cherokee Nation no longer requires a prescription for Plan B for patients 17 and older. 

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES AVIAN FLU What Hinders Surveillance?
Human H5N1 infections continue to be reported鈥攂ut researchers are struggling to grasp the scale of transmission because of inadequate surveillance. 

Emails from state and local health departments give some glimpse into reasons for the gaps: :

• Communication breakdowns with farmers who do not want their workers to be monitored for bird flu.


• Delays between the start of outbreaks and health department visits. 


• Insufficient attention to certain aspects of the outbreaks, including cases in pet cats. 

And it鈥檚 about to get harder, as cold and flu season will make it 鈥渟ignificantly more difficult for the country鈥檚 public health departments to track the virus,鈥�  

Related: H5N1 avian flu isolate from dairy worker is transmissible, lethal in animals 鈥� OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS Animal-to-human viral leap sparked deadly Marburg outbreak 鈥�

She says her husband tried to kill her. Enter the 'Pink Wheels' squad 鈥�

Rare disease initiative aims to speed diagnoses and treatment in Latin America 鈥�

Tenant Right-to-Counsel and Adverse Birth Outcomes in New York, New York 鈥�

Shifting power in global health will require leadership by the Global South and allyship by the Global North 鈥�

The Dilemma at the Center of McDonald鈥檚 E. Coli Outbreak 鈥�

Why cars might be the scariest thing this Halloween 鈥� Issue No. 2805
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, Aliza Rosen, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: 鈥楬ell on Earth鈥� in Saudi Detention Centers; A Voice for Hispanic Health; and Coverage Graveyards and Ghost Networks Detainees packed into sweltering rooms with no access to basic hygiene or outside air October 28, 2024 鈥楬ell on Earth鈥� in Saudi Detention Centers
Tens of thousands of people have been forced to live in inhumane, 鈥渄egrading鈥� conditions inside Saudi detention centers: packed into sweltering rooms with no access to basic hygiene or outside air, . 

• 鈥淚t鈥檚 no exaggeration to say that place was hell on earth. They never let us outside during my nine-month stay. They never let anyone experience fresh air or sunlight,鈥� said Zaro Gebre, an Ethiopian detainee who smuggled out footage from inside the detention centers. 

Crackdown on migrants: Ethiopians fleeing war and poverty for the Gulf make up a significant proportion of those in the detention centers, .

Reforms promised, unfulfilled: New footage of the centers was released yesterday as part of an that followed up on The Telegraph鈥檚 into the centers鈥� human rights abuses four years ago.

• Yet conditions remain unchanged since then, or worse: Detainees sleep packed together on floors with trash bags, toilets overflow, and violence erupts between detainees. 

• The Saudi government faces little pushback from the global community, as the country seeks to burnish its image as an international soccer hub, argues one investigative reporter in a .  

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners
A gene editing therapy for chronic hepatitis B will be tested in human trials in Moldova after the nation鈥檚 regulators approved Precision BioSciences鈥� study of the treatment.

Ozempic may reduce Alzheimer鈥檚 risk, per a published in Alzheimer's & Dementia last week that showed semaglutide was associated with a 40%鈥�70% lower risk of a first-time Alzheimer鈥檚 diagnosis in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with seven other diabetes medications.

Opioid makers and marketers misused scientific evidence to support inaccurate claims about the drugs鈥攊ncluding that they were not addictive鈥攑er a new published in Health Affairs Scholar.

McDonald鈥檚 has ruled out beef patties as the source of the E. coli outbreak linked to its Quarter Pounder hamburgers, which has killed at least one and sickened ~75 others; instead, onions are believed to be the source of the outbreak. INSURANCE Coverage Graveyards and Ghost Networks
In the U.S., having health insurance is no guarantee that essential medical care will be covered鈥攐r even available as advertised. 

Two obstacles gaining more attention: 

• Denial for dollars: It has become common for insurers to outsource medical reviews to large companies like one called EviCore, which uses algorithms that increase denial rates, . 

• 鈥淕host networks鈥�: Far too often, patients purchase health coverage promising access to therapists and other mental health professionals listed in provider directories鈥攐nly to find them out-of-date and inaccurate, . 

COMMUNITY HEALTH A Voice for Hispanic Health
During the COVID-19 pandemic, journalist Tibisay Zea noticed something in Boston鈥檚 Hispanic community: Its members were poorly informed on health issues. To help close that information gap, she launched the Salud podcast in 2022.

• The show covers culturally relevant health information on topics like COVID-19, diabetes, cancer, and workplace accidents, all of which disproportionately affect Latino people. 

Zea focuses on connecting health experts with personal stories from the Latino community鈥攁n approach that not only informs but also resonates emotionally with listeners, many of whom face socioeconomic challenges and barriers to health care.

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES WATER How Women Suffer When Wells Go Dry
Water insecurity comes with major health risks鈥攁nd women often bear the burden. 

Recent in water-scarce areas of Peru and Indonesia included interviews with women who reported: 

• Extreme physical exertion from carrying heavy water buckets that led multiple women to go into premature labor and miscarry.

• Struggling to secure water for sanitary births. 

• Barriers to menstrual hygiene, which prevented young women and girls from attending school.

Increased violence: Indonesian women in water-insecure households were more than twice as likely to report experiencing gender-based violence in the last year.

QUICK HITS Some people with ADHD thrive in periods of stress, new study shows 鈥�

HIV-Infected Patient Refused Care In Armenia 鈥�

Remembering Dr. Richard Cash: How a 'simple' intervention helped save millions of lives 鈥�

The Final Push: Overcoming the Last Barriers to Global Polio Eradication 鈥�

Gas-powered leaf blowers are noisy, polluting and harmful to our health. But are bans the best way to go? 鈥� Issue No. 2804
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, Aliza Rosen, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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Reports of Israeli troops storming one of the last functioning hospitals in northern Gaza are deeply concerning, while ongoing hostilities are hampering polio vaccination in the area, the World Health Organization (WHO) said on Friday. 

Children and disabled people are facing ever more horrific conditions in war-torn Gaza, with some dying as they wait for medical evacuations, as the year-long war grinds on, UN officials and rights experts said on Friday.

96 Global Health NOW: A Widening E. coli Investigation; The Silence of the Feds; and Hospital Gown 鈥� But Don鈥檛 Make it Fashion October 24, 2024 A Widening E. coli Investigation
A multistate outbreak of E. coli infections has prompted an expansive, by the CDC and U.S. agencies that have linked the infections to McDonald鈥檚 restaurants. 

Outbreak details, : The food poisoning has sickened at least 49 people in 10 states, including 10 who were hospitalized and one person who .

• But the number of people affected by the outbreak is likely much higher, . 

Zeroing in on a source: Of 18 sickened people interviewed, all reported eating at McDonald鈥檚.

• A specific ingredient has not been confirmed as the source of the outbreak, but the that the onions or beef patties used for Quarter Pounders are the likely source of contamination, . 


• McDonald鈥檚 has taken Quarter Pounders in about a fifth of its stores, and the onion supplier, Taylor Farms Colorado, issued a broader recall of yellow onions鈥攖hough the company said that it has found no traces of E. coli in tests. 

Bigger picture: The outbreak, which comes on the heels of the Boar鈥檚 Head listeria contamination linked to 10 deaths, has prompted larger questions about U.S. food safety, .

Related: Why food recalls are everywhere right now 鈥� GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners   Rifaximin, a common antibiotic used to treat liver disease, is fueling bacterial resistance to daptomycin鈥攐ne of the few treatments effective against the superbug vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium (VRE), .

People 50 and older should get pneumococcal vaccines to protect against pneumonia and other dangerous illnesses, a CDC advisory panel recommended yesterday, replacing earlier guidance aimed at people ages 65+.  

A second dose of the 2024鈥�25 COVID-19 vaccine is now for people ages 65+ and for people with moderate or severe immunocompromising conditions, per a CDC vaccine advisory group.

Single-use vapes will be banned in England starting next June, as the British government tries to curb rising vape usage among children and teens. VIOLENCE 鈥楽hocking, Staggering鈥� Sexual Violence in DRC
The Democratic Republic of the Congo has seen an 鈥渁cute escalation鈥� of sexual violence in recent years, per a from Physicians for Human Rights.

• ~90,000 documented sexual assaults were reported in 2023 in DRC鈥攗p from 40,000 in 2021. The group believes it is a 鈥渟evere undercount.鈥�

鈥淭he level of sexual violence is shocking. It's staggering,鈥� said PHR director Saman Zia-Zarifi.

Other organizations echo the findings:

• A recent described an 鈥渆xplosion of sexual violence,鈥� with MSF teams treating 25,000+ sexual assault survivors in 2023 compared to a previous average of 10,000 victims per year. 

• UNICEF鈥檚 chief of child protection in the DRC, Ramatou Toure, described a 鈥漵kyrocketing鈥� crisis in camps鈥攚here 鈥渁lmost every girl or every woman has experienced sexual violence.鈥� 

Driving the surge: Armed rebel and militia groups have gained strength, and the UN鈥檚 2023 withdrawal of its peacekeeping forces at the request of DRC鈥檚 government has led to a 鈥渧acuum鈥� of protection. 



Related: Four in 10 deaths in war zones last year were women, UN report finds 鈥� GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES SUBSTANCE USE What Makes 鈥楶ink Cocaine鈥� So Dangerous
A designer drug called tusi has been in the news lately due to its connections with Sean 鈥淒iddy鈥� Combs and the recent death of Liam Payne.

• It鈥檚 a bright pink powder combining any number of substances. Common ingredients include ketamine and ecstasy, but usually not cocaine.

Users are led to believe that tusi is safer than street drugs, but without knowing the exact ingredients of a given batch鈥攚hich could even include fentanyl or xylazine鈥攖he effects can be unpredictable and even fatal.

• The drug has been linked to at least nine deaths so far, including four suicides and four accidental overdoses.

AVIAN FLU The Silence of the Feds
When U.S. farm veterinarians began to sound the alarm about avian influenza detected in cows, they were expecting a full-blown response from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, including widespread testing and surveillance. 

Instead, they got silence: 鈥淣obody came. When the diagnosis came in, the government stood still,鈥� said one veterinarian. 

Conflict of interest: The USDA鈥檚 sometimes conflicting mandates to oversee the safety of the nation鈥檚 food animals while also protecting the nation鈥檚 agriculture trade has resulted in a 鈥溾�榙on鈥檛 test, don鈥檛 tell鈥� policy among dairy farmers.鈥�

The result? There is no nationwide surveillance or accurate sense of H5N1鈥檚 scope as the virus continues to spread.

• 鈥淲e are repeating every single mistake鈥� of the COVID-19 pandemic, said Keith Poulsen, director of the Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. 

ALMOST FRIDAY DIVERSION Hospital Gown 鈥� But Don鈥檛 Make it Fashion
Iconic is usually a compliment in the fashion world. Not this time.
 
The hospital 鈥済own鈥� is an affront to formalwear everywhere. An insult to our tastes and our figures. And really more of a glorified sheet than a garment.
 
Why the sartorial shame? The New York Times鈥� fashion critic

• This wretched wearable was designed to accommodate IVs and provide easy access to the body, resulting in the 鈥渄ehumanizing鈥� fronts-in, butts-out design behind (ahem!) countless hospital humiliations.


• Even Diane von Furstenberg couldn鈥檛 make it chic. The designer reimagined her iconic wrap dress as a patient gown for the Cleveland Clinic. And it鈥檚 .

Another idea: 鈥淵ou might as well just walk around naked,鈥� Timothy Andrews, a health industry analyst and frequent hospital outpatient, said to . 鈥淚t鈥檚 probably easier鈥攋ust give us a belt and a loincloth.鈥� QUICK HITS Tens of thousands of UK dementia patients to be enrolled in clinical trials 鈥�

U.S. Study on Puberty Blockers Goes Unpublished Because of Politics, Doctor Says 鈥�

Crackdown on Homeless Encampments Raises Public Health Questions 鈥�

World鈥檚 first vaccine for norovirus the 鈥榳inter vomiting bug鈥� begins final stage trial 鈥�

Perspectives on Medical School Admission for Black Students Among Premedical Advisers at Historically Black Colleges and Universities 鈥�

Youth cheerleading is getting more athletic 鈥� and riskier 鈥�

Surgical Centers Urged to Nix Mandatory Pre-Op Pregnancy Tests 鈥� Thanks for the tip, Chiara Jaffe!

Drinking is cheaper than it鈥檚 been in decades. Lobbyists are fighting to keep it that way 鈥�

How breast milk can help fight climate change 鈥� Issue No. 2803
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, Aliza Rosen, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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$1.14 million from CIHR will resolve treatment roadblocks for rare brain disorders

听

Gene therapy for rare neurological disorders will move one step forward thanks to a $1.14 million grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).

$1.14 million from CIHR will resolve treatment roadblocks for rare brain disorders

听

Gene therapy for rare neurological disorders will move one step forward thanks to a $1.14 million grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).

96 Global Health NOW: Lebanese Hospitals on Alert; Malaria Becomes 鈥楢ncient History鈥� in Egypt; and Switching Sides on the Tobacco Fight October 23, 2024 Lebanese forces take security measures around Rafik Hariri University Hospital in Beirut on October 22, after an Israeli attack near the area. Houssam Shbaro/Anadolu via Getty Lebanese Hospitals on Alert as Strikes Intensify 
  UN officials are urging protections for health care facilities in Lebanon after an Israeli airstrike Tuesday near the Rafik Hariri University Hospital鈥攖he largest public hospital in Lebanon鈥攍ed to 鈥渟ignificant damage,鈥� .

Another hospital, the Al-Sahel Hospital in Dahiyeh, was evacuated amid 鈥渉orror and tears鈥� after Israel claimed that Hezbollah is stockpiling cash and gold in a bunker under the hospital, increasing fears that Lebanon鈥檚 health sector could face the same destruction as Gaza鈥檚, .

Other mounting health risks: 400,000+ displaced Lebanese children face growing risk of cholera, scabies, and waterborne diseases due to unsanitary conditions in shelters, .

• Last week, health authorities Northern Lebanon鈥檚 first case of cholera. 

Meanwhile in Gaza: Escalating violence across northern Gaza has forced the postponement of the polio vaccination campaign鈥檚 final phase, .

• And the WHO led a 鈥渉igh risk鈥� in northern Gaza to transfer patients to Gaza City this week amid intense hostilities and the denial of deliveries of critical medical supplies, blood, and fuel.

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners   New stroke prevention guidelines from the American Stroke Association for the first time call out specific risks faced by women and gender-diverse individuals taking the hormone estrogen; also call for screening for and addressing social determinants of health.

Girls and young women may be more susceptible to the clade Ib mpox subvariant, that found a higher percentage of cases and a much earlier average age of infection鈥�6 years鈥攁mong girls, compared with 17.5 years for boys.
 
An E. coli outbreak linked to McDonald鈥檚 Quarter Pounder hamburgers has sickened at least 49 people in 10 U.S. states, leading to one death and 10 hospitalizations, the yesterday; investigators are focused on onions and beef as potential sources of contamination.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture weakened its bird flu emergency order last spring in response to pushback from state and industry officials鈥攑otentially contributing to disease transmission across state lines, records show. GOOD NEWS Malaria Becomes 鈥楢ncient History鈥� in Egypt   
After three years of interruption to the transmission chain in Egypt, the country malaria-free.

• The country had a prevalence of ~40% in 1930鈥攂ut public health officials made strides over the last century, . 

How they did it, :

• Free diagnosis and treatment, regardless of legal status. 


• Malaria detection training for health professionals.


• Malaria screenings provided at the country鈥檚 borders. 

Vigilance to continue: The health ministry pledges to guard its malaria-free status through surveillance, integrated vector management, and rapid response to imported cases.
 
The Quote: "Malaria is as old as Egyptian civilization itself, but the disease that plagued pharaohs now belongs to its history,鈥� said WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES BIG TOBACCO Switching Sides on the Tobacco Fight 
As the FDA fights an 鈥渆pic struggle鈥� against the tobacco industry over next-generation nicotine products, the agency is contending with a particularly galling dynamic: lawyers who have shifted alliances. 

Nearly two dozen FDA lawyers have left the FDA鈥檚 tobacco regulation arm to advise, litigate for, or work with the tobacco and vaping industry over the last 15 years, according to a review by The Examination.

Insider advantage: The lawyers often helped craft and defend the same regulations the industry is fighting鈥攇iving them a powerful upper hand in litigation.

• 鈥淚t seems like every time we get sued in the tobacco industry, a former FDA lawyer is leading the lawsuit,鈥� FDA Commissioner Robert Califf told an oversight organization last year. 

CLIMATE CRISIS Climate Change鈥檚 Psychological Toll
Climate-related changes threaten more than people鈥檚 physical safety and livelihoods. These changes also act as a 鈥渢hreat multiplier,鈥� increasing risks for mental health problems. 

• Survivors of California鈥檚 2018 Camp wildfire were diagnosed with PTSD at a rate comparable to war veterans.


• Slower-onset changes like drought, land cover change, rising sea levels, etc., can cause stress over time that erupts into violence like 2019鈥檚 Ogossagou massacre in Mali.

A hefty price tag: Mental disorders due to climate, pollution, and environment-related causes could cost the global economy $47 billion annually by 2030. 

To address these issues, researchers are pushing for mental health to be a focus in climate policy and interventions, such as in countries鈥� Paris Accord climate action plans.

OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS Polio Anywhere is a Threat Everywhere: Why the UK Must Act 鈥�

Dengue fever: with a record 12.4m cases in 2024 so far, what is driving the world鈥檚 largest outbreak? 鈥�

Ukraine: Population drops by 10 million since Russia invaded in 2014, UNFPA reports 鈥�

Elderly Americans with dementia have become some of the GOP鈥檚 top donors without even realizing it 鈥�

Beyond Longevity: The Critical Role of Mental Health in Japan鈥檚 Well-Being 鈥�

How one woman set up a mental health helpline for the whole of South Africa 鈥�

How does the brain react to birth control? A researcher scanned herself 75 times to find out 鈥�

Coke, Twinkies, Skittles, and 鈥� Whole-Grain Bread? 鈥� Issue No. 2802
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, Aliza Rosen, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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Countries facing conflict, natural disasters and humanitarian crises are struggling to provide routine childhood immunisations leaving many children vulnerable to the resurgence of polio, the UN Children鈥檚 Fund (UNICEF) warned in new report. 

Intense bombardments, mass displacements and lack of access in northern Gaza have forced the postponement of a polio vaccination campaign, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned on Wednesday.

96 Global Health NOW: The Push to Prevent Drownings in Uganda; Switching Sides on the Tobacco Fight; and Heeding Africa鈥檚 Hearing Loss October 22, 2024 GHN EXCLUSIVE Bystanders watch rescuers search the site of a capsized cruise boat on Lake Victoria near Mutima village, south of Kampala, Uganda. November 25, 2018. Isaac Kasamani/AFP/Getty The Push to Prevent Drownings in Uganda
KAMPALA, Uganda鈥擡very year, 鈥攑eople like Owen Ntanda, an 18-year-old boat operator who drowned in the lake last summer, despite being a good swimmer鈥攇iving the lake a reputation as one of the 鈥溾�� in the world.

• by researchers at Makerere University and the CDC estimated Uganda鈥檚 drowning death rate to be 8.5 per 100,000 population per year鈥攡2,942 drowning deaths a year. 


• Worldwide, . But in Uganda, young adults aged 20鈥�39 years are most affected, 鈥攁nd men in Uganda are 3X more likely to drown than women. 

Behind Uganda鈥檚 high drowning rate:

• A lack of safety gear like life jackets鈥攎ost of which are substandard.


• Overloaded cargo boats鈥攚hich are not well-policed.


• Supercharged floods fueled by climate change.

Steps toward change:

• Uganda will become one of the first countries to implement a national drowning intervention strategy鈥攅xpected to launch this fall鈥攇iving each stakeholder ministry a mandate and drowning prevention activities.

• The Ministry of Health has established emergency response services focused on water emergencies, boosting first aid training, and procuring water boat ambulances.

Ed. Note: This article is part of , made possible through the generous support of loyal GHN readers. Kyra Guy of USC鈥檚 Keck School of Medicine won an honorable mention for entering the idea for this story in the 2024 Untold Global Health Stories contest, co-sponsored by GHN and CUGH, which is now accepting nominations for the 2025 round. ! GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners   A large proportion of sub-Saharan African teens with severe asthma are missing out on diagnosis and treatment, of 27,000 students from urban areas in Malawi, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Ghana, and Nigeria; of ~3,000+ reporting symptoms, just ~600 had a formal diagnosis.

School administrators in Mexico have six months to implement a government-sponsored ban on junk foods like sugary fruit drinks and chips or face heavy fines between $545 and $5,450, which could double for a second offense.

Washington state its first suspected avian flu infections in people鈥攆our agricultural workers who tested positive after working with infected poultry at a facility that culled ~800,000 birds that tested positive for avian flu last week.

U.S. infant mortality was higher than expected in the months following the Supreme Court decision that eliminated federal abortion protections, , corresponding with a 7% absolute increase in infant mortality overall, representing 247 excess deaths. DATA POINT VIOLENCE A Public Health Approach to Political Violence 
As political rhetoric grows more incendiary leading up to the first U.S. presidential election since the January 6, 2021 insurrection, the at the University of California at Davis has begun to study the threat of political violence in earnest. 

A key goal of their research: Identify risk factors and interventions that could deescalate potential unrest before it arises. 

鈥淥penness to change鈥�: According to a from the program released last month, just 3.7% respondents said it was 鈥渧ery likely鈥� that they would participate as a combatant in a large-scale civil conflict鈥攂ut ~44% said they would be 鈥渘ot likely鈥� to join if they were dissuaded by family members, and ~30% said they could be deterred from participating if a respected religious leader urged them not to.

Such findings can 鈥済uide prevention efforts,鈥� the survey concluded.

HEALTH DISPARITIES Heeding Africa鈥檚 Hearing Loss
54 million people in Africa are facing hearing loss by 2030, due to factors including a shortage of hearing specialists and a limited budget for ear and hearing care (EHC).

• Up to 75% of child hearing loss in LMICs is preventable.

• Only 10% of the 33 million people who need hearing aids have access and can afford them. 

• Hearing loss costs Africa an estimated $27 billion per year, in terms of the impact on human lives and economies. 

Solutions: pushes for EHC policies and implementation鈥攗rging more dedicated funding, better-equipped facilities, and exploration of public-private partnerships. 
 
OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS Committee reviewing euthanasia in Canada finds some deaths driven by homelessness fears, isolation 鈥�

A Maine Law Could Have Forced the Lewiston Mass Shooter Into Mental Health Treatment. Why Wasn鈥檛 It Used? 鈥�  

China unveils first diagnosis guidelines to battle escalating obesity crisis 鈥�

Medicaid will cover traditional healing practices for Native Americans in 4 states 鈥�

Ending 鈥渄omestic helicopter research鈥� 鈥�

As Ukraine's birth rate plunges, here's what one doctor is doing to reverse the trend 鈥�

The Perverse Consequences of Tuition-Free Medical School 鈥� Issue No. 2801
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, Aliza Rosen, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Barriers to Polio Vaccination; The Overdose Vaccine 鈥楳oon Shot鈥� and Where Early Education is Enshrined October 21, 2024 A child looks on before receiving a vaccination for polio in Khan Yunis, in the southern Gaza Strip, on September 5. Bashar Taleb/AFP via Getty Barriers to Polio Vaccination 鈥楲eaving Children Vulnerable鈥�
While health workers in Pakistan battle a growing polio outbreak, polio vaccination teams in Gaza are also contending with widening obstacles.

In Pakistan: Health officials have confirmed six more cases of wild poliovirus type 1, bringing the total number of infected children this year to 39鈥攁fter just six cases last year, .  

• Vaccine hesitancy and attacks against vaccination teams have increased as hardline clerics and militants spread misinformation about the vaccine鈥檚 safety, 鈥渓eading to missed opportunities for immunization and leaving children vulnerable,鈥� said Melissa Corkum, chief of UNICEF鈥檚 polio team in Pakistan. 


• Pakistan will launch a nationwide vaccination campaign next week to vaccinate 45 million+ children. 

In Gaza: Today the UN and WHO launched the second round of a widespread polio vaccination campaign in Gaza, targeting 590,000 children with booster doses, .

• But conditions have deteriorated in the enclave since the first round of vaccinations鈥攎aking it more difficult for families to travel to vaccination sites amid destroyed infrastructure and increased safety concerns. 


• And health workers are concerned polio vaccines won鈥檛 reach Gaza鈥檚 northern communities because of ongoing fighting and fears for health workers鈥� safety, .

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES The Latest One-Liners   The global oral cholera vaccine stockpile has been depleted, the WHO said Friday, jeopardizing outbreak response amid a 126% rise in cholera mortality from January 1 to September 29 across five WHO regions.

Whooping cough cases in the U.S. have hit their highest number鈥�18,506鈥攕ince 2014; outbreaks of the disease, which can be prevented by vaccination, are hitting mostly older kids and teens.

Women seeking pain relief at emergency departments can wait 30 minutes longer than men, per a published in PNAS that assessed 22,000 discharge notes from emergency departments in the U.S. and Israel.

Over-the-counter contraceptives could be required to be covered by U.S. health insurers without cost-sharing, according to a new proposal the Biden administration unveiled today. OPIOID CRISIS The Overdose Vaccine 鈥楳oon Shot鈥� 
Efforts to prevent opioid overdose with a vaccine have largely been fruitless鈥攗ntil now. A number of opioid overdose vaccines are currently being tested, all relying on the same basic strategy:

• Stimulate the immune system to protect against an opioid鈥檚 ability to overwhelm the brain and shut down the breathing process.

How it works: Portions of the fentanyl molecule are linked to proteins the body recognizes in order to trigger an immune response.

Also underway: The first fentanyl monoclonal antibody is undergoing human trials, with initial published in Nature Communications showing that monkeys treated with the antibody survived a lethal dose of fentanyl.

The Quote: 鈥淚t鈥檚 a moon shot, but a moon shot is what the country needs right now,鈥� said JR Rhan, co-founder of startup Ovax, which is developing an opioid overdose vaccine.

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES WEST NILE VIRUS Ukraine鈥檚 Viral Threat
West Nile virus has killed 11 people and sickened 88 in Ukraine over the last three months鈥攎arking a 鈥渟erious鈥� new threat to the country that will likely become more common with climate change, said Ukraine's Deputy Health Minister.

• 鈥淲e probably have to get used to the fact that this fever will be in even greater numbers in Ukraine,鈥� Ihor Kuzin said.

Growing hotspot: Outbreaks are typically found on bird migratory routes, and Ukraine is a stop along several such flight paths, explained Kuzin.

CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH Where Early Education is Enshrined 
In Norway, the 鈥渋ntrinsic value鈥� of childhood is upheld in the 63-page Kindergarten Act of 2006, a law guaranteeing every child鈥檚 right to attend kindergarten.

These schools, serving children 5 and under, are seen 鈥渁s an investment for society and the child,鈥� said Kristin Aasta Morken, a program leader in Oslo.

As such, Norwegian kindergartens are:

• Publicly funded: National funds cover 85% of operating costs.


• Inclusive: Children with disabilities are not segregated, and non-Norwegian speakers are given communication aids.


• Embracing nature: Children spend 70% of their kindergarten time outside, in all weather鈥攊n keeping with the Norwegian saying: 鈥淭here is no bad weather, just bad clothes.鈥�

RESOURCE QUICK HITS 鈥極ne-man anti-abortion army鈥�: shadow of US global gag rule looms over Nepal鈥檚 family planning services 鈥�

China ends international adoption. Reactions range from shock to relief 鈥�

Under a L.A. Freeway, a Psychiatric Rescue Mission 鈥�

Tobacco Sponsorship of F1 Could Put Children on a Fast Track to Addiction 鈥�

Nut bans little help to allergic air passengers 鈥�

Life-saving spongelike 'bandage' rapidly stops hemorrhaging and mitigates risk of infection 鈥� Issue No. 2800
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The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially certified Egypt as malaria-free. The achievement marks the culmination of a century-long effort to eradicate a disease that has plagued the nation since ancient times.